Find the FAQs | Pavement Service

Asphalt is a mixture of aggregates, such as crushed stone, gravel, and sand, combined with a binder called bitumen. It is commonly used as a paving material for roads, driveways, and parking lots due to its durability and ability to withstand heavy traffic. The installation process of asphalt involves several steps. Firstly, the existing surface is prepared by removing any vegetation, debris, or old pavement. Then, a layer of gravel or crushed stone is laid down as a base to provide stability and drainage. Next, a layer of hot asphalt mix is spread and compacted using heavy machinery or rollers. This process is repeated with additional layers until the desired thickness is achieved. Finally, the surface is smoothed and sealed with a layer of asphalt emulsion or a thin layer of fine aggregate to provide a smooth and durable finish.

The most critical factor in a good asphalt paving project is proper preparation. This includes thorough planning, site evaluation, and surface preparation. Before beginning the project, it is essential to assess the site conditions, such as soil stability, drainage, and any existing issues that may affect the pavement's performance. Adequate surface preparation, including removing any vegetation, debris, or old pavement, and ensuring a proper base layer, is crucial for a strong and durable asphalt pavement. Additionally, attention to detail during the installation process, such as proper compaction and thickness control, is vital to ensure a smooth and long-lasting surface. By prioritizing proper preparation, a good asphalt paving project can achieve optimal performance, durability, and customer satisfaction.

The base material for asphalt paving is typically composed of crushed stone or gravel. This material serves as the foundation for the asphalt pavement, providing stability, strength, and proper drainage. The base layer is crucial in distributing the load of traffic evenly and preventing the asphalt from cracking or sinking. The type and thickness of the base material may vary depending on factors such as the intended use of the pavement, the soil conditions, and the climate. The base material is carefully compacted and graded to ensure a solid and level surface, which allows for the successful installation and longevity of the asphalt pavement.

It depends on several factors, including the intended use of the pavement, the type of traffic it will endure, and the underlying soil conditions. In general, the asphalt paving thickness can range from 1 1/2 to 2 inches for residential driveways and parking lots. However, for heavier traffic areas like highways or commercial parking lots, the thickness can be as much as 4 to 8 inches or more. The goal is to ensure that the asphalt pavement is thick enough to withstand the anticipated traffic load and environmental conditions, while also providing a smooth and durable surface.

The main cause of asphalt failure is typically attributed to a combination of factors, with the primary culprit being water infiltration. When water seeps into the asphalt pavement through cracks or inadequate drainage, it can weaken the underlying base and subbase layers, leading to the deterioration of the asphalt. The freeze-thaw cycle in colder climates can exacerbate this process, as water expands when it freezes, causing further damage to the asphalt. Additionally, heavy traffic loads, exposure to UV rays, and the natural aging process can contribute to asphalt failure. Over time, these factors can lead to the formation of potholes, cracks, and surface degradation, compromising the structural integrity and overall performance of the asphalt pavement. Regular maintenance, such as crack sealing, proper drainage, and timely repairs, can help mitigate these issues and prolong the lifespan of the asphalt.

Concrete is known for its durability and longevity, with a lifespan that can exceed that of asphalt. Concrete is highly resistant to heavy traffic loads, harsh weather conditions, and UV radiation, making it a reliable choice for high-traffic areas such as highways and airports. Additionally, concrete requires less maintenance compared to asphalt, as it is less prone to cracking and requires fewer repairs over time. Concrete also offers better visibility, especially in low-light conditions, due to its lighter color. Although concrete may have a higher initial cost than asphalt, its long-term durability and lower maintenance needs can result in cost savings over the lifespan of the pavement.

The type of concrete mix used depends on the specific project requirements and environmental conditions. Generally, a standard concrete mix with a strength of 3000 psi (pounds per square inch) is commonly used for most residential and commercial applications. This mix typically consists of cement, aggregates (such as sand and gravel), and water. However, in certain cases, specialized concrete mixes may be required. For example, in areas prone to expansive soils or high moisture content, a mix with added admixtures like fly ash or slag may be used to improve durability and reduce the risk of cracking. Additionally, for projects that require high strength, such as industrial floors or heavy-duty structures, a higher strength concrete mix with a rating of 5000 psi or more may be necessary. It is important to consult with a concrete supplier or contractor in Houston to determine the most appropriate concrete mix for the specific project needs.

The size of reinforcing steel and spacing in concrete depends on several factors, including the load requirements, structural design, and local building codes. Commonly used reinforcing steel bars, also known as rebar, range in size from #3 (3/8 inch diameter) to #18 (2 1/4 inch diameter). The spacing of rebar within the concrete is typically determined by the design engineer and is based on factors such as the anticipated loads and the structural integrity needed. The spacing can vary, but it is commonly around 12-18 inches apart. However, it is important to note that these specifications can vary based on the specific project requirements and local building regulations. It is essential to consult with a structural engineer or professional concrete contractor to determine the appropriate size and spacing of reinforcing steel for a specific concrete project in order to ensure structural integrity and compliance with local codes.

The concrete mix should be properly proportioned, ensuring a suitable water-cement ratio to achieve adequate strength without excessive shrinkage. The addition of admixtures, such as plasticizers or shrinkage-reducing agents, can also help control cracking. Proper curing of the concrete is crucial to minimize moisture loss and promote hydration, which helps reduce the likelihood of cracking. Adequate joint spacing and construction are essential to accommodate the natural expansion and contraction of concrete due to temperature variations. Control joints or expansion joints should be placed at regular intervals to provide relief points for potential cracking. Reinforcing steel, such as rebar or wire mesh, can be incorporated into the concrete to enhance its tensile strength and reduce the risk of cracking. Lastly, proper construction practices, including minimizing rapid drying conditions, avoiding overworking or overmixing the concrete, and using appropriate techniques during placement and finishing, can help prevent cracking in concrete.

It is important to note that there is no absolute guarantee that a concrete slab will not crack. Concrete is a rigid material that undergoes shrinkage and expansion due to temperature changes, moisture content, and other factors. While various measures can be taken to minimize cracking, such as proper mix design, reinforcement, and joint placement, the potential for cracking still exists. However, by employing best practices and following industry standards, the likelihood of significant or problematic cracking can be significantly reduced. Regular maintenance, such as sealing and addressing minor cracks promptly, can also help prevent them from worsening. Working with experienced professionals, including engineers and concrete contractors, can ensure that proper techniques and precautions are implemented to minimize the risk of cracking.

Research online platforms that provide reviews and ratings for contractors. Verify the contractor's credentials, including licenses and insurance coverage. Review their portfolio and past projects to assess their expertise and quality of work. Obtain multiple quotes and compare them, considering not only price but also reputation, experience, and services offered. Conduct interviews to gauge their communication skills and professionalism. Finally, ensure you have a written contract that outlines all project details, including scope of work, timeline, payment terms, and warranties.